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تتحرك السيارة بتسارع ثابت ، ويجب كتابة معطيات الحركة واستخدام الدوال المناسبة للحركة بتسارع ثابت.
تتحرك السيارة بتسارع ثابت ، نتطرق إلى حركة السيارة من لحظة بدء الكبح حتى توقفها.
نكتب معطيات حركة السيارة:
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نظرًا لأنه مطلوب تطوير تعبيرلمربع السرعة الابتدائية ، نستخدم التعبير لمربع السرعات:
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نعوّض معطيات الحركة ونعبر عن مربع السرعة الأولية كدالة لمسافة الكبح.
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قيمة الجانب الأيسر من المعادلة موجبة لأي سرعة ابتدائية لأنه يوجد تربيع السرعة الابتدائية.
إذا كان اتجاه محور الحركة في اتجاه الحركة - يكون التسارع سالبًا والإزاحة موجبة ، لذلك فإن إشارة الجانب الأيسر من المعادلة موجبة أيضًا.
إذا كان اتجاه محور الحركة ع** اتجاه الحركة - يكون التسارع موجبًا ، وتكون الإزاحة سالبة. وأيضًا في هذه الحالة ستكون إشارة الطرف الأيسر موجبة.
يحدد اتجاه المحور إشارة قيمة التسارع ، وقيمة الإزاحة ، لا يحدد التعبير. فالتعبير الفيزيائي يتلاءم مع كل محور.
אם כיוון ציר התנועה הוא בכיוון התנועה - התאוצה שלילית , ההעתק חיובי .לכן גם סימן הצד השמאלי של המשוואה חיובי.
אם כיוון ציר התנועה הוא נגדי לכיוון התנועה - התאוצה חיובית, ההעתק שלילי. וגם במקרה זה סימן הצד השמאלי יהיה חיובי.
כיוון הציר קובע את הסימן של ערך התאוצה , ושל ערך ההעתק , הוא לא קובע את הביטוי . הביטוי הפיזיקלי מתאים לכל ציר.
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يكبر بـ 4 مرات.
يجب التعبير عن مسافة الكبح كدالة للسرعة VO ، ووفقًا للتعبير يمكن معرفة كيف تتغير مسافة الكبح عند مضاعفة السرعة الإبتدائية.
نعبر من التعبير الذي حصلنا عليه في القسم السابق عن مسافة الكبح كدالة لسرعة السيارة في لحظة الكبح.
من هذا التعبير ، يمكن ملاحظة أنه عندما تزيد السرعة الأولية بمقدار مرتين ، تزداد مسافة الكبح بمقدار 4 مرات.
نشير إلى مسافة الكبح الأولية بـ L0 ، ومسافة الكبح النهائية بـ 'L.
لذلك ، إذا زادت سرعة السيارة في لحظة الكبح بمقدار مرتين ، فإن مسافة الكبح ستزداد بمقدار 4 مرات.
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מביטוי זה ניתן לראות שכאשר המהירות ההתחלתית גדלה פי 2 , מרחק הבלימה גדל פי 4.
נסמן את מרחק הבלימה ההתחלתי ב L0 , ואת מרחק הבלימה הסופי ב 'L.
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לכן אם מהירות המכונית ברגע הבלימה תגדל פי 2 , מרחק הבלימה יגדל פי 4.
1. لمعرفة كيف يتعلق المقدار الفيزيائي A على المقدار الفيزيائي B ، يجب تطوير تعبيرًا رياضيًا يصف المقدار A كدالة للمقدار B. العلاقة الناتجة لا يمكن التنبؤ بها دائمًا .
2. إذا لم تكن العلاقة بسيطة ، فمن المستحسن فحص العلاقة بمساعدة تعويض القيم.
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تقل مسافة الكبح بـ 1.5 مرة.
من التعبير لعلاقة مسافة الكبح بالتسارع ، من الممكن معرفة كيف تتعلق مسافة الكبح بالتسارع.
وجدنا التعبير لمسافة الكبح :
من هذا التعبير ، يمكن ملاحظة أن مسافة الكبح تتناسب ع**ياً مع تسارع السيارة ، لذلك عندما يزيد التسارع 1.5 مرة تكون مسافة الكبح تصغُر بمقدار 1.5 مرة .
السؤال يحتوي على معطيات لا علاقة لها بالأسس الفيزيائية: إطارات السيارة تغيرت لفصل الشتاء ... حتى يكون نظام منع الانزلاق ... المهم أن التسارع زاد 1.5 مرة. هذا هو أسلوب أسئلة البجروت، من المهم قراءة السؤال بأكمله بصبر واستخراج المعطيات الفيزيائية المهمة.
2. כתוב כתוב שהתאוצה גדלה פי 1.5 הכוונה לערך המוחלט של התאוצה.